↑ The area now constitutes part of Bangladesh and the Indian states of West Bengal and Tripura. The famine also affected the neighbouring province of Orissa, albeit to a far smaller degree.[1] Orissa was hit by a cyclone on 10 April 1943.[2]
↑ The estimates do not include Orissa. There has been a wide range of estimates since the famine. The range of 2.1–3 million is taken from a table in Devereux (2000, p. 6). Devereux derived the lower figure from Dyson & Maharatna (1991) and the upper from Amartya Sen's "widely quoted figure of 3 million".[3] Sen estimated between 2.7 and 3 million deaths for the period 1943–1946.[4]Templat:PbCormac Ó Gráda (2007): "[E]stimates of mortality in Bengal range from 0.8 million to 3.8 million; today the scholarly consensus is about 2.1 million (Hall-Matthews 2005; Sen 1981; Maharatna 1996)."[5]Templat:PbVasant Kaiwar (2017): "The Bengal Famine of 1943 took anywhere from 1 million to 3.8 million starvation victims ..."[6]Templat:PbPaul R. Greenough (1982) suggested there had been 3,685,140 (3.7 million) deaths in Bengal in 1943, based on data from the Indian Statistical Institute. That, minus a normal mortality figure of 1.7 million based on 1941–1942 data, gave him the figure of 2 famine-related million deaths in 1943, 800,000 more than Sen had calculated for 1943. Adding 800,000 to Sen's figure of 2.7 to 3 million for 1943–1946 produces a total of 3.5 to 3.8 million famine-related deaths.[7]Templat:PbContemporaneous estimates included, in 1945, that of the Famine Inquiry Commission—appointed in 1944 by the government of India and chaired by Sir John Woodhead, governor of Bengal—of around 1.5 million famine-related deaths out of Bengal's population of 60.3 million.[8] That figure covered January 1943 to June 1944.[9] K. P. Chattopadhyay, a University of Calcutta anthropologist, estimated in 1944 that 3.5 million famine-related deaths had occurred in 1943; this was widely believed at the time, but subsequently rejected by many scholars as too high (Greenough 1982, halaman 300–301; Dyson and Maharatna 1991, halaman 281Templat:Incomplete short citation). In 1946 Chattopadhyay estimated that 2.7 million had died in 1943 and the first half of 1944.[6] See Maharatna (1996, pp. 214–231), especially table 5.1 on page 215, for a review of the data.
